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Ozone Layer The shield around the atmosphere which absorbs ultraviolet rays of sun is known as ozone layer. This layer is present in the stratosphere part of the earth. This layer contain maximum 10 parts per million of ozone gas and the average concentration is .3 parts per million around the atmosphere. This layer is present 20 to 30 km from earth above in stratosphere region. First of all, this layer was discovered in 1913 by a famous scientist Charles fabry . It is also proved that the ozone layer absorb 97 to 99 percent of the sun’s UV rays light. The general assembly of United Nations has designated 16 September as the international day for the protection of the ozone layer. 420 million years ago ozone layer is formed. It is present 10 to 50 km in atmosphere. www.ntsteacher.com Sources of ozone layer The physicist Sydney Chapman discovered the photo chemical method that give rise to the ozone layer in 1930. The molecular formula of ozone is O3 which is unstable because

Research Paper Hi, today i am telling you all necessary tips about writing a research paper without any copyright. The most important point is that  you do your work with own hand because it provides you easy way to write a good research paper. Mostly, in universities and colleges, you will be asked to write a research paper on a topic. We know that a research paper is used for exploring scientific and social issues. If you are writing first time a research paper than it is very important to learn the basic needs of the research paper writing. There are four main stages of writing a good research paper. You should always choice a good topic, making an outline, and doing the real writing.  For a research paper planning and preparing is very important. It increases the attraction of research paper. 1 Ask yourself questions. Choosing a good topic is the most important step in writing a good research paper and also necessary to keep some questions in your mind. 2 Pick someth

Guess paper 9th S.Q Divisions of bio,bio technology,bio elements, population,community, unicellular organisms,biological problem,qualities of good hypothesis,control in experimenter, incubation period, bioinformatics,aims of classification,taxonomy &systematic,species,classification of man,binomial nomenclature, endangered species,deforestation, microscopy,points of cell theory,fluid mosaic model, plainclothesman,cistern, cristae,golgi vesicles,active transport,facilitated diffusion, endo exocytosis, inter phase, meiosis,mitosis,crossing over, chiasmata,malignant benign tumor,matstsis,distinct non distinction,activation energy active site prosthetic group,co enzyme optimum pH& temperature, saturation and denaturation of active site,bioinformatics,aerobic anaerobic cellular respiration, pigments,limiting factors. photosynthesis,nutrients, nutrition.micro Nutrients,trace elements, balanced diet,fertilizers,

Alkane www.ntsteacher.com Alkane is also known as organic compounds or paraffin. One alkane compound contain one hydrogen and carbon atoms that are arranged in tree like structure . In alkane, all carbon atoms are single bonded. The general formula of alkane is CnH2n+2. Each carbon atom has our bonds and every hydrogen atom is bonded with carbon atom. Waxes are higher alkanes, in which carbon atoms are greater than 18. Alkanes are less reactive as compared to other alkenes and alkynes. Alkanes are mostly present in mostly natural gas and petroleum.  Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons which contain only single bond and also known as structural because it contains only maximum numbers of hydrogen atoms. Alkanes compounds show three dimensional shape and covalent bond is present between alkanes compounds. In methane C-H bonds are directed to make tetrahedral structure at the angle of 109 degree. Alaknes does not show reaction with air but in heated form they show slow response in t

Photosynthesis The processes by which plants and many types of bacteria prepare their food by using sunlight. Chlorophyll The main pigment which play important role in photosynthesis is green color pigments known as chlorophyll. Where photosynthesis take part in Plants ? Photosynthesis take place in only leaves of the plants. These leaves are also known as solar collector because they trap sunlight from sun directly by convert ng sunlight into chemical energy. Raw Materials of Photosynthesis 1.       Water  (H2O) Water comes from earth by roots of plants. 2.       Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Carbon dioxide comes from atmosphere. How Food is prepared ?                                                 First of all, water comes from underground water resources with the help of roots of plants and Carbon dioxide comes from atmosphere. These two compounds mix together with the help of sunlight to form glucose molecules and oxygen is also released during this process

Chemistry www.ntsteacher.com  Chemistry is also known as physical science which means the study of structure, properties and also changes of matters. Chemistry is also known as the central science because it provides or makes other natural sciences such as physical, biology and geology and the only difference is between physics and chemistry is the composition of both these branches of sciences.The word chemistry obtained or comes from alchemy which means an earlier set of practices that obtained from astrology, astronomy and medicines. The word alchemy derived from an Arabic word al-kalmia. This word is obtained from and a Greek word Xenia and this word are derived from an other word kimi. This word Kimi is ancient name of Egypt.  Definition of Chemistry  Due to new discoveries and theories the definition of chemistry changes time to time. Robert Boyle in 1661 explains the subject of the material of mixed bodies and in 1663 Christopher Glaser used the chemistry as a scient

Short Question  Any two uses, physicl properts and sources of alkane, alkene and alkyne,  why alkane are parafins, corbohydrats, prprties of oligo,mono and poly sachrid, genral formula of lipids. RNA, watr and fats soluble vitamin, amsphr and regions, globl wrming, ozon formation. effects of ozone depletion, capillary action, soft and hard water, water softening, temporary and permanent hardness and  causes of hardness, flourish, diarrhea, hepatitis, ore, gang, metallurgy, froth flotation, matte, roasting, blurts coper, Khyber process, fractional distillation, ammonia recovery.  carbn cmpstn and boilng rang of gasolin, kerocen, fuel oil and ethar,fractionl distilation Objective From Exercise

Zoology The study of animals is known as zoology. The word zoology is derived from a Greek  word’ ’Zion’’ and logos which means knowledge of animals. I n this branch we deals with structure, distribution and classification of animal are studied. History www.ntsteacher.com Conrad Gesner is known as the father of modern zoology. Modern zoology contain the study of animals from ancient to modern times and the role of Aristotle and Galen is very common in the history of zoology. The ancient work of this famous scientist is very important in zoology history. The work of Carl Linnaeus and Buffoon is very important in the diversity of life and the fossil record as well as the development of organisms. In 18 th and 19 th centuries, zoology became professional scientific branch. The interaction between organism and environment was studied by Alexander von Humboldt. Charles Darwin The work of Charles Darwin  Is important in the branch of zoology. The branch embryology

Daily Working Site www.ntsteacher.com   Click Here     for New POST 28/08/2017 Now NTS Application is available Install  Click Here General Knowledge Quaid-e-Azam Qauid-e-Azam was born in December 25, 1876 in Karachi in building Wazi mansion in kharadar.  The name of Qauid-e-Azam father was Jinnah Poonja and his father name was Mithibai. Qauid-e-Azam Family belongs to a famous village Paneli in Kathiawar.  Mumbai was the aunt of Qauid-e-Azam who took him to Bombay during childhood of Quid-e-Azam .  Rahmat Maryam, Bande Ali, Ahmad Ali and Fatima were the brothers and sisters of Qauid-e-Azam. Qauid-e-Azam , first marry in 1892 with Emibai. His first wife did in 1894 and Jinnah mother died in 1902. Ratnabai was the second wife of Qauid-e-Azam Qauid-e-Azam marry second time in 1918 with Ratanbai. Qauid-e-Azam first child born in August 14, 1919. Qauid-e-Azam daughter name was Dina. Qauid-e-Azam second wife died in February 20, 1929. Qauid-e-Azam

Daily Working Site Breaking News  Click Here  for New Post Allama iqbal www.ntsteacher.com Muhammad Iqbal known as Allama Iqbal was a famous poet and politician as well as barrister, scholars in India British. Allama Iqbal was born in November 9, 1877. Allama Iqbal was known as spiritual father of Pakistan and he also at one of the famous and important figures in Urdu literature.  Allama iqbal was known a Muslim philosophical thinker of modern and past time both and he is also a best an eminent poet. Allama Iqbal wrote many books on poetry. His first book was Asrar-e-khudi which introduced or published in 1915 in Persian language. Rmiz-i-Bekhudi, Zabur-i-Ajam is most famous books. Iqbal wrote books in Persian and Urdu language mostly but he also writes lectures and letters in English. Iqbal joined All-India Muslim League during his study in law in England. In 1930, Iqbal also delivered his first address in Allahabad which is known as Allahabad address for the creation of a n

Daily Working Site Pakistan Study  www.ntsteacher.com 1. Gulam Muhammad replaced Nazimudin as governor. 2. In 1946, Jamilla was the first Muslim women who hoisted the flag of Muslim league on Punjab Secretariat, Lahore. 3. In 1960, Rawalpindi became the capital of Pakistan. 4. In 1972, Sindhi language was used as official language in sindh assembly. 5. Pakistan came into being on 27 Ramadan. 6. Pooja was the father of Quaid. 7. Noorula Amin was the only vice-president of Pakistan. 8. Founder of National Conference was Sheikh Abdullah. 9. Distance of Pakistan from Kashmir is 250 miles. 10. The population of Muslims in Kashmir was 78% in 1947. 11. In April 1954, Urdu became the national language of Pakistan. 12. The tomb of Allama Iqbal was built in 1951. 13. State bank was established in 1948. 14. National Bank of Pakistan was established in 1948. 15. In 1948, the first stamp of Pakistan was issued. 16. The highest glacier Siachien is located in

Physics The branch which studies the matters and their motions is known as physics. The word physics is a Greek word which is physic means the knowledge of nature it means the physics is a natural science in which we study the matters and its movement and also its behavior with time and space as well as force and energy are also common in this regard. In this branch we study the universe behaves basically and physics is known as oldest disciplines.  In the past, physics was a part of biology and chemistry but in 17 th century, physics was separated from all others subject and it put in isolate subject in which only matters was studied. Physics has many sections such as quantum chemistry and biophysics are more important. Physics play important contributes through advances in many new research and technologies which arise from much theoretical work such as understanding of electromagnetism.  This understanding led to the development of many new products that have transferred to mode